Circuits, Schaltungen

URL: http://homepages.internet.lu/absolute3d/

I N D E X
HTML documents in electronic
copyright 2001 : Claude Jacobs
DEUTSCHE VERSION

Note: To avoid "blind" reproductions, many of the components in the following circuits are represented without any declared value. It is a fact that their determination highly depends on practical assemblies under real conditions. Therefore it is always more important to understand a circuit than to refer to abstract and often unreal calculations.

Oscillators :

Triangle, Sawtooth with OPs		linear triangle and sawtooth generators with operational amplifier (symmetrical flanks, low frequencies ...)
Sawtooth oscillator with transistors		- nonlinear sawtooth flanks with two transistors - linear flanks with a constant current source - triggerable linear sweep oscillator (oscilloscope)
NEGISTOR-Oscillator		"strange" relaxation oscillator with "wrongpolarized" transistor ("NDR Oscillator", "Negative Differential Resistance Oscillator") "poor-man's-tunnel-diode" (some applications up to a simple triggered and linear horizontal sweep oscillator for oscilloscopes)
Digital Oscillators		square wave -, triangle and sawtooth oscillators with CMOS (Schmitt-Triggers: 40106B or 4093B, VCO: 4046)
Digital Crystal Oscillators		some typical crystal circuits (formerly: http://technology.5p.org.uk/electronic/crystal/crystal.htm)
Staircase Generator		Digital sawtooth generator with binary counter, (formerly: http://technology.5p.org.uk/electronic/stair/stair.htm)
High Frequency Technologies		Short introduction to high frequency technologies
High frequency oscillators		FM-, VHF-, UHF-oscillators
Low frequency oscillators		Some useful circuits: - with fluorescent lamp - with Unijunction-Transistor - "Negistor"-Oscillator - Noise Generator (White Noise) - standard Astable Multivibrator - Blocking Oscillator - Funktion Generator
PWM, Pulse Width Modulation		PWM generating circuits, voltage controlled/modulated PWMs (formerly: http://technology.5p.org.uk/electronic/PWM/PWM.htm)
High Voltage Generator		adjustable high voltage (0V to 30kV), versatile circuit

Regenerative Receiver :

Basics of a regenerative receiver		extremely simple and sensitive receiver/demodulator for AM and FM signals. Although the original circuits descend from the early tube technology, they are used today in many receiver components.
extended circuit		- HF preamp lowers interfering radiation - digital signal processing with simple operational amp. comparator
Transmitter/Receiver-Circuit		Transceiver for digital data communication (example with regenerative receiver)

Circuits with operational amplifiers :

Operational amplifier with discrete parts		Operational amplifier with only three transistors, Theory by practical examples
Balancing amplifier		Amplifier with mirrored output, symmetric signal transmission. (formerly: http://technology.5p.org.uk/electronic/instrumentation/balance.htm)
Instrumentation amplifier		High impedance differential voltage amplifier. Isolation Amplifier, for Electrocardiogram (ECG) or Electroencephalogram (EEG) (formerly: http://technology.5p.org.uk/electronic/instrumentation/diff.htm)
Circuits 1		- symmetrical and asymmetrical operating voltage - inverting and non-inverting basic circuits
Circuits 2		- basic amplifier circuits - adjustable amplifier - feedback regulation - symmetrical or asymmetrical power supply (split or single supply)
Circuits 3		- 3-Band Passive Equalizer - Notch filter with operational amplifier (Gyrator) - parametric Equalizer with notch filter - Gyrator-Multiband-Equalizer - high and low-pass filters - band-pass and Notch filter (band suppressor)
Circuits 4		- RIAA preamplifier (for magnetic pick-up) - unconventional band-pass filter (uses the frequency characteristics of the OP) - remote control with tone frequencies (e.g. radio control) - positive/negative capacity multipliers - parametric inductivity simulator (without coil) - photodiode preamplifier
Circuits 5		- symmetrical and linear triangle/sawtooth oscillators - astable multivibrators (with adjustable frequency and symmetry) - SCHMITT trigger with operational amplifier
Circuits 6		- slow linear voltage shifter (with buttons) - slow linear voltage shifter (digitally pulsed) - speed control for low power motors (digitally pulsed) - speed control in both directions (digitally pulsed) - zero-crossing detector, flank detector - high impedance comparator (with two operational amplifiers) - Potentiometer-Speed-Control (L/R) with Fast-Start (Split or Single Supply) - Potentiometer-Speed-Control (L/R) with Fast-Start and Stop (Split or Single Supply) - Potentiometer-Speed-Control (L/R) with Fast-Start and Stop (Bridge config.) - single phase rectifier - AC/DC single phase rectifier - Full Wave Rectifier with operational amplifier - increase of the output voltage - increase of the output current - power amplification with complementary transistors - fast digital/analog converter with operational amplifier - voltage doubler to obtain symmetrical operating voltages
Circuits 7		- Balancing Amplifier (symmetric output) - Instrumentation Amplifier - "Battery Low" indicator - presettable "Battery Low" indicator

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Information, Datasheets, Links :

www.datasheetlist.com		PDF-Datasheets (alphabetical, search function)
www.datasheetcatalog.com		PDF-Datasheets (alphabetical, search function)
www.elektronika.opatnet.cz/datasheet/		PDF-Datasheets (alphabetical)
www.classiccmp.org/rtellason/parts-index.html		PDF-Datasheets (alphabetical)
www.marsport.org.uk/smd/mainframe.htm		The SMD Codebook Code explanations for the Surface Mounted Devices
pinouts.ru/pinouts.shtml		PINOUTS.RU Computer hardware pinouts
pitts-electronics-home.de/electron/steckver.htm		CONNECTORS Connector pinouts: Audio, Video, Computer, ... (and much more)
www.hardwarebook.net/		The Hardware Book Computer hardware pinouts: Connectors, Cables, Adapters etc. (also downloadable version for offline viewing)
www.repairfaq.org/filipg/LINK/GIICM/giicm_idx.html		Pinouts, ASCII-Format (74xx 40xx and others)
www.fh-sw.de/sw/fachb/et/halbl/stdlogik.htm		74xx 40xx Info Type specification (HT, HCT ...)
www.motherboards.org/mobot/manuals/		Computer Motherboard Manuals
homepage.internet.lu/animations/portland/.../freq.htm		Electromagnetic Frequencies (formerly: technology.5p.org.uk/electronic/frequencies/freq.htm)
www.oksolar.com/led/led_color_chart.htm		LED color chart (LED-Informations)
homepage.internet.lu/animations/portland/.../tubes.htm		Röhren, Valves, Tubes Aufbau und Wirkungsweise von Elektronenröhren (formerly: technology.5p.org.uk/electronic/tubes/tubes.htm)
www.duncanamps.com/tdslpe/download.html/		Tube Freeware (Windows): TDSL Vacuum tube DATA over 16000 tubes! Relacement types, connections and short data
two.xthost.info/technology/electronic/electr.htm		Ingenieurswissenschaft Elektronik
www.epanorama.net/index.php		ePanorama.net Information/Links in almost every electronic domain
3414 SMD-Stereo-Amplifier		SMD (surface mounted device) Stereo Headphone Amplifier (in CD-ROM, DVD, Soundcards, Notebooks, etc.)
Digital Camera		Technological Evolution in Photography (Camera Obscura, Box Camera, Folding, Telemeter, Reflex Camera, Digital Camera)

e-mail to: cjacobs@internet.lu